Gaya Bahasa Dalam Kepengarangan Puisi: Kajian Perbandingan Stilistik Penerima S.E.A Write Award Malaysia (Usman Awang) Dan Indonesia (Afrizal Malna)
Language Styles In Poetry Authors: A Stylistic Comparison Study Of Recipients S.E.A Write Award Malaysia (Usman Awang) And Indonesia (Afrizal Malna)
Abstract
Teknik penulisan dalam sesebuah karya sastera adalah cerminan dari legasi pemikiran dan keperibadian seseorang penulis. Pengungkapan melalui tema, persoalan dan langgam bahasa yang dihasilkan penulis meletakkan diri mereka dalam kategori yang tertentu. Puisi merupakan antara genre dianggap sukar untuk dimergertikan dari aspek penggayaan bahasa yang digunakan. Diksi yang minima tetapi sarat dengan perjuangan falsafah, menuntut pembaca untuk mentafsir dari pelbagai sudut persepsi. Tokoh penyair Malaysia seperti Usman Awang, A. Samad Ismail, dan Baha Zain antara penyair yang mempunyai identiti tersendiri dalam mewadahkan bahasa kreatif mereka. Begitu juga dengan negara Indonesia seperti Sapardi Djoko Damono, Chairil Anwar, dan Afrizal Malna turut mempunyai kredibiliti tersendiri dalam teknik penulisan puisi. Justeru itu, kajian ini dijalankan sebagai merungkai persoalan tentang proses penulisan sajak dari aspek teknik gaya bahasa yang disampaikan penyair. Pemilihan dua tokoh sastera nusantara iaitu Usman Awang dan Afrizal Malna yang juga penerima Anugerah S.E.A Write terawal dan mutakhir dalam skop kajian adalah bagi memperlihat identiti gaya bahasa yang diguna pakai mereka ketika proses pengkaryaan dijalankan. Kedua-dua tokoh ini begitu terkenal dengan aliran perjuangan kemanusiaan yang menjadikan penulisan sajak sebagai medan menyedarkan sikap kemanusiaan. Meskipun begitu, mereka mempunyai cara tersendiri dalam penyampaian karya. Kaedah kajian ini dijalankan secara kualitatif dengan menganalisis dokumen teks. Teori stilistik dijadikan sebagai sandaran untuk merungkaikan setiap teknik gaya bahasa, unsur kesamaran, bauran kiasan dan simbolisme bagi membuktikan falsafah gaya penyampaian pengkarya. Hasil kajian perbandingan ini mendapati bahawa kedua-dua tokoh penyair ini mempunyai keunikan tersendiri dalam menyempurnakan tanggungjawab sebagai pejuang kemanusiaan. Rentak implisit, satira dan simbolisme yang digarapkan tokoh penyair Malaysia dan Indonesia ini adalah cerminan terhadap nilai falsafah keintelektualan mereka berkarya, di samping memberi kesedaran kepada masyarakat terhadap keunggulan sastera dalam memperjuangkan hak kemanusiaan yang tertindas.
ABSTRACT
The writing technique in a literary work is a reflection of the legacy of a writer's thoughts and personality. Expressions through themes, questions and language expressions produced by the author place themselves in a certain category. Poetry between genres is considered difficult to understand from the aspect of language styling used. Minimal but full of philosophical struggles requires the reader to interpret from various angles of perception. Malaysian poets such as Usman Awang, A. Samad Ismail, and Baha Zain are among the poets who have their own identity in conveying their creative language. Similarly, the Indonesian nation such as Sapardi Djoko Damono, Chairil Anwar, and Afrizal Malna also have their own credibility in poetry writing techniques. Therefore, this study was conducted to unravel the question of the process of writing poems from the aspect of language style techniques presented by poets. The selection of two nusantara literary figures, namely Usman Awang and Afrizal Malna who are also the recipients of the earliest and most recent S.E.A Write Award in the scope of the study is to show the identity of the language style used by them during the creative process. These two figures are so famous for the flow of humanitarian struggles that make poetry writing a platform to awaken the humanitarian attitude. Even so, they have their own way of delivering work. The method of this study was conducted qualitatively by analyzing the text documents. Stylistic theory is used as a basis to unravel every technique of language style, elements of ambiguity, fusion mixing and symbolism to prove the philosophy of the artist's delivery style. The results of this comparative study found that the two poets have their own uniqueness in fulfilling their responsibilities as humanitarian fighters. The implicit rhythm, satire and symbolism employed by Malaysian and Indonesian poets are a reflection of the philosophical value of their intellectualism in their work, while giving awareness to the community on the superiority of literature in fighting for oppressed human rights.
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